BOROBUDUR TEMPLE, CENTAL JAVA



























BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

Borobudur is a temple of Buddha located in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The location of the temple is approximately 100 km south-west of Semarang, 86 km to the west of Surakarta, and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. The temple-shaped stupa was founded by the followers of the religion of Mahayana Buddhism around the year 800 AD during the reign of dynasty Sailendra. Borobudur is the largest Buddhist temple or shrine in the world, [1] [2] and one of the largest Buddhist monument in the world. [3] 
This monument consists of six terraces square on which there are three courtyards circular, the walls are decorated with 2,672 panels relief and originally there were 504 statues of Buddha. [4] Borobudur has a collection of reliefs of Buddha most complete in the world. [3] The main stupa biggest teletak in the middle once crowned this building, surrounded by three rows of circular 72 perforated stupas in which there are statues of buddha sitting cross-legged in the lotus position perfectly with mudra (hand gesture) Dharmachakra mudra (turning the wheel of dharma).
This monument is a model of the universe and built as a shrine to honor Buddha also functions as a place of pilgrimage to lead mankind to switch from natural lust to enlightenment and wisdom according to the teachings of Buddha. [5] The pilgrims enter through the east side begin the ritual at the base of the temple walk this sacred building circling clockwise, while continuing to ascend to the next steps through the three levels of the realm in Buddhist cosmology. The third level is Kamadhatu (the realm of lust), Rupadhatu (the realm of intangibles), and Arupadhatu (formless realm). In this journey the pilgrim goes through a series of hallways and stairs with witnessing no less than 1,460 relief panels beautifully carved on the wall and balustrade.
According to historical evidence, Borobudur was abandoned in the 14th century as the weakening of the influence of the royal Hindu and Buddhist in Java as well as begin the influence of Islam. [6] The world began to realize the existence of this building since it was discovered in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the then as the British Governor General of Java. Since then Borobudur has suffered a series of rescue and restoration efforts. The restoration project was held in the period 1975 to 1982 for the efforts of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and UNESCO, then this historic site included in the list of World Heritage Sites. [3]
Borobudur is still used as a place of religious pilgrimage; each year Buddhists who came from all over Indonesia and abroad gather at Borobudur to celebrate Trisuci Vesak. In the world of tourism, tourism Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited by tourists. [7] [8] [9]