MUARA TAKUS TEMPLE

MUARA TAKUS TEMPLE

Perhiasan site  is a site of temple Buddha located in the village of Tema, District XIII Koto , Kampar regency , Riau , Indonesia . The site is located approximately 135 kilometers from the city of Pekanbaru .       

Perhiasan site is surrounded by a wall measuring 74 x 74 meters, made ​​of white stone with ± 80 cm high walls, outside of its area there are earthen wall measuring 1.5 x 1.5 kilometers, surrounds the complex up to the edge of the Kampar River Right . Inside the complex there are several buildings of the temple, called the Temple eldest / oldest , youngest Temple , Stupa castle and Palangkaraya .      

Experts Antiquity can not determine with certainty when the temple site was established. Some say the fourth century, some say the seventh century, nineteenth century even in the eleventh century. However, this temple is considered to have existed in the heyday of Srivijaya , which some historians consider this area as one of the centers of government administration Wings . ^{[1] [2]}  

In 2009 Perhiasan nominated to be one of the UNESCO World Heritage Site . 

Perhiasan is the oldest temple sites in  Sumatra , is the only site in the form of heritage temples in Riau. This Buddhist temple is a proof that religion Buddhism once flourished in this area.  

The temple is made ​​of sandstone, river rock and brick. In contrast to the temples in Java , made ​​of stone taken from the mountain. Perhiasan material, especially clay, taken from a village called Pongkai , located approximately 6 km downstream of the site Perhiasan. Pongkai name probably derived from the Chinese language , Pong means hole and Kai means the land, so that it could mean the soil hole, caused by excavation in the manufacturing Perhiasan. Former pit was now submerged by the reservoir inundation Hydropower Koto Panjang . But the Siamese , said Pongkai is similar to Pangkali that means river , and the name of this temple is situated on the banks of the river.             

The main building in the complex is a large stupa, which is largely shaped tower made ​​of bricks and a small portion of yellow sandstone. At the site there Perhiasan temple building called the Old Temple, Temple Disco, Stupa castle and Palangkaraya. In addition to the building in the complex of the temple was also found that mound kiln is expected to be a bone of man. While the outside of this site there are also buildings (container) made ​​of brick, which is still uncertain what kind of building. 

Candi castle

The castle or castle Stupa Temple, the temple is considered the most intact. The building is divided into three parts, the legs, trunk, and roof. This stupa has rectangular foundation berdenah and measuring 9.44 mx 10.6 m, and has 28 sides that surround the forest temple entrance is on the south side. At the bottom there is a double lotus ornaments , and at the center stands the tower building with 36 sides cylindrical shaped petals on the bottom. The upper part of the building is circular. According Snitger , formerly at the four corners of the foundation are 4 seated lion statue made ​​of stone. In addition, based on research conducted by Yzerman , formerly the top of the tower there is a stone with leaves oval paintings and reliefs around him. The building is expected to develop a two-stage development. Allegations in based on the fact that the foot of the building that now there is a short profile of the building shortly before the building was enlarged.   

Old Temple 

Old Temple or Temple of the Elder is the largest building among other buildings on the site Perhiasan. The building is divided into three parts, the legs, trunk, and roof. The foot is divided into two. The size of the first leg height of 2.37 m while the second has a height of 1.98 m. There are entrance stairs on the west side and the east side is decorated with statues of lions. The width of each ladder 3.08 m and 4 m. Viewed from the rest of the base of the building has a circular shape with a diameter of ± 7 m and a height of 2.50 m. The size of the foundation of this temple is 31.65 mx 20.20 m. The foundation of this temple has 36 sides that surround the base. The top of this building is a roundabout. There is no space at all inside the temple Elder. Buildings made of bricks with the addition of sandstone that is only used to make the corners of the building, pilasters, and seam-seam under the foot of the temple perbingkaian limiting the body's feet and legs with perbingkaian limiting body on foot. Based on research in 1983 found that this temple has undergone at least two phases of development. An indication of this can be seen from the profile of the building enclosed by walls that form a different profile.

Temple Disco 

Youngest temple form is not much different from the Temple Firstborn. But at the top of the square. It stands on the west temple castle with size 13,20 x 16,20 meters. On the east side there are small stupas and there is a staircase made ​​of white stone. Part of the foundation of the building has 20 sides, with a plane on it. In these areas there is a lotus. Research conducted by Yzerman, managed to find a hole in the edge padmasana stupa containing soil and ashes. In this land found three pieces of pieces of gold and there is one more piece in the bottom of the hole, which is scratched with pictures Tricula and three letters Nagari. At the bottom of the pit, found a piece of square miles on the bottom side turned out to be scratched with a picture Tricula and nine characters. The building is divided into two parts according to the type of material used. About half of the northern part of the building is made ​​of sandstone, while the southern half of the building is made ​​of brick. The boundary between the two parts of the building follows the shape of the profile are made ​​of sandstone. This suggests that part of the building is made ​​of sandstone has been completed then added part of the building is made ​​of brick.   

Temple Mount 

The temple is located on the east side Stupa temple castle with body size 5.10 mx 5.7 m with a height of about two meters. The temple is made ​​of brick, and has an entrance facing north. Temple Mount in the past allegedly used as an altar .